How to reproduce
Place an end gateway
/setblock ~ ~ ~ end_gateway/setblock ~ ~ ~ end_gatewayThrow an ender pearl into it
Code analysis
EntityEnderPearl.onImpact(RayTraceResult result) checks if the ender pearl is in an end gateway and if so, triggers the EnterBlock advancement criteria, attempts to teleport the player, and kills the ender pearl.
Can confirm for 1.13.1